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AN ESSAY TOWARDS
A NEW THEORY OF VISION
By
George Berkeley
(Based on the Fourth Edition, London, 1732)
Edited by David R. Wilkins
2002
NOTE ON THE TEXT
The rst two editions of An Essay towards a new Theory of Vision were published in
Dublin in 1709. Revised versions of the Essay were also published in 1732 with the rst and
second editions of Alciphron.
Berkeley made some signicant changes in the in the Second Edition of 1709. In particu-
lar, section 73 was modied and considerably extended; the third consideration of section 70
was reworded; and an appendix was added.
Numerous changes were made in the 1732 editions. In particular, Berkeley excised or
reworded numerous references to mathematicians and writers on optics in general, and to
others with whom he was in disagreement. He deleted section 160 (the nal section), though
including its rst sentence at the end of the previous section. The appendix to the Second
Edition was not included in the 1732 editions.
The following edition is based on the text included in the Second Edition of Alciphron,
London, 1732.
In general, this edition follows the spelling, punctuation and capitalization of the orig-
inal text. (However it does not follow early eighteenth century conventions with regard to
quotations, whereby a quotation mark is printed at the beginning of every line of quoted
text.)
The following archaic spellings in the 1709 edition have been retained: steddy, plain,
croud, surprizing.
The following corrections have been made in Section 29:|
in the Latin text, `ab-iis' has been corrected to read `ab iis';
in the English translation `Point B and Z' has been corrected to `Points B and Z', in
accordance with earlier editions and in agreement with the Latin text (`puncta B, Z');
in the English translation `doth never' has been corrected to `doth almost never' in
accordance with earlier editions and in agreement with the Latin text (`nunquam fere');
The following corrections have also been made:|
in the Table of Contents, 16, a full stop has been inserted following `1st ';
in Section 73: `diverse' has been changed to `divers' as in the earlier 1732 edition of the
text;
in Section 90: a comma has been changed to full stop before `I appeal';
in Section 130, the rst letter of `Vid.' has been capitalized after `Hearing.';
iii
Typographical errors noted in the errata have been corrected, as have the following:
`Visibe' (Table of contents, 112); `perceivving' (Sect. 8); `palallel' (Sect. 19); `Jugdment'
(Sect. 89); `fair' [far] (Sect. 130); `anly' [only] (Sect. 150).
David R. Wilkins
Dublin, December 2002
iv
AN
ESSAY
TOWARDS A
NEW THEORY
OF
VISION.
First Published in the Year MDCCIX.
LONDON:
Printed in the Year MDCCXXXII.
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